Government Contracting by — Treasury Account

The Army O&M account is one of the largest single appropriation accounts in the federal budget, funding day-to-day Army operations including base operations support, training, equipment maintenance, facility sustainment, and civilian personnel compensation. This account drives a massive volume of service and supply contracts across every Army installation.

The Navy O&M account funds fleet operations, ship and aircraft maintenance, shore installation support, and Navy civilian workforce. This account supports contracts for ship repair, depot-level maintenance, base operating support, and the extensive logistics infrastructure required to sustain global naval operations.

The Air Force O&M account funds flying operations, depot maintenance, base operations, Space Force operations, and Air Force civilian personnel. This account supports extensive contracts for aircraft sustainment, space system operations, cyber operations, and installation support services.

The Army RDT&E account funds basic and applied research, advanced technology development, prototyping, testing, and system development for next-generation Army capabilities. This two-year account supports the Army Futures Command modernization priorities including long-range precision fires, next-generation combat vehicles, and soldier lethality.

The Navy RDT&E account funds naval research and development across undersea warfare, surface combatant technologies, naval aviation, Marine Corps systems, and space/cyber capabilities. Managed through Naval Research Laboratory, ONR, and NAVAIR/NAVSEA system commands.

The Army Procurement account funds acquisition of weapons systems, tracked and wheeled combat vehicles, tactical missiles, ammunition, and communications/electronics equipment. This three-year account supports major defense acquisition programs including Stryker, Bradley replacement, and next-generation helicopter programs.

The VA Medical Care appropriation (comprising Medical Services, Medical Community Care, and Medical Support accounts) funds the Veterans Health Administration, the nation's largest integrated healthcare system. This account supports 1,300+ VA healthcare facilities serving 9+ million enrolled veterans.

Customs and Border Protection's Operations and Support account funds border security operations including personnel, technology, infrastructure, and trade facilitation. This account supports the nation's largest law enforcement agency with over 60,000 employees and responsibility for 328 ports of entry.

NASA's Science Mission Directorate appropriation funds Earth science, planetary science, heliophysics, astrophysics, and biological/physical sciences programs. This account supports flagship missions (James Webb Space Telescope, Mars Sample Return), Explorer-class missions, and Earth observation satellite systems.

The NNSA Weapons Activities account funds the nuclear weapons stockpile stewardship program including warhead life extension, plutonium pit production, weapons dismantlement, and the nuclear weapons complex infrastructure. This is the primary funding source for the nation's three nuclear weapons laboratories.

The NIH appropriation funds the world's largest biomedical research enterprise across 27 Institutes and Centers. NIH supports intramural research at its Bethesda campus and extramural research through grants and contracts at universities, medical schools, and research institutions nationwide.

The FAA Operations account funds the air traffic control system, aviation safety regulation, and FAA workforce. This account supports over 35,000 air traffic controllers and the technology infrastructure managing 45,000+ daily flights in U.S. airspace, making it critical to national aviation safety and efficiency.

The Diplomatic Programs account funds State Department operations including embassy and consulate operations, diplomatic security, IT infrastructure, and the Foreign Service workforce. This account supports 275+ diplomatic posts worldwide and the domestic infrastructure supporting American diplomacy.

The FBI Salaries and Expenses account funds the Bureau's investigative, intelligence, and law enforcement operations including counterterrorism, cyber, counterintelligence, and criminal investigations. This account supports 35,000+ employees and the technology infrastructure for the nation's premier federal law enforcement agency.

The BLM Management of Lands and Resources account funds stewardship of 245 million surface acres of public land, primarily in the western United States. Activities include oil and gas leasing, renewable energy permitting, grazing management, wild horse and burro management, recreation, and wildfire preparedness.

Forest Service appropriations fund management of 193 million acres of National Forest System lands across multiple accounts including National Forest System, Wildland Fire Management, Capital Improvement, and State and Private Forestry. The Wildland Fire Management account alone exceeds $4 billion as fire seasons intensify.

NOAA's primary account funds weather forecasting operations, ocean and atmospheric research, satellite operations, fisheries management, and coastal zone management. This account supports the National Weather Service, National Marine Fisheries Service, and NOAA's satellite and research fleet.

EPA's core operating account funds environmental regulation, enforcement, permitting, research, and technical assistance across all media (air, water, land, chemicals). This account supports EPA's regulatory mission including Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, RCRA, CERCLA, and TSCA implementation.

The IRS Operations Support account funds the agency's IT infrastructure, facilities, procurement, security, and shared services. With the Inflation Reduction Act providing an additional $80 billion over 10 years, IRS is undertaking the largest technology modernization in its history.

The GSA Federal Buildings Fund is the revolving fund through which GSA manages most federal civilian office space. Revenue comes from rent charged to tenant agencies, and expenditures cover building operations, maintenance, construction, and lease payments. The fund manages approximately 370 million square feet of space across 8,600+ properties.