Design workflow of a symmetric traveling wave antenna for fast ion production on DD tokamaks

Initial computational plasma physics scoping and a finite element method antenna modeling design workflow for a symmetric center-fed high-field side high harmonic fast wave traveling wave array (TWA) antenna are reported here. The TWA is designed to generate a test population of fast deuterium ions in an existing D–D tokamak by heating neutral beam deuterium ions, accelerating them from 80 keV to several hundred keV. The resulting fast particles are tailored to mimic key reactor energetic particle parameters with regards to exciting Alfven eigenmode instabilities, allowing for a D–D tokamak like DIII-D or ASDEX-U to replicate reactor-relevant conditions experimentally. Initial scenario scoping for high single-pass absorption as well as good preferential fast ion damping relative to electron damping was completed using the ray-tracing/Fokker–Planck codes GENRAY and CQL3D. Python RF network analysis packages were used to create a custom TWA optimization tool to inform a COMSOL flat antenna design, and Petra-M was used to study cold plasma effects. The TWA produced by this workflow has several novel features when compared to previous TWA studies, including symmetric center feeding, and passive end straps for image current cancellation for reduced impurity production. We show here that the antenna design workflow can readily produce TWA antennas optimized for reflection coefficient, image current cancellation, and launched power spectrum shape; and that a population of fast ions can be generated in the correct region of parameter space, warranting future more detailed studies.. Authors: van de Lindt, J. G. [Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Plasma Science and Fusion Center]; Wukitch, S. J. [Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Plasma Science and Fusion Center]; Bertelli, N. [Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)] (ORCID:0000000293267585); Shiraiwa, S. [Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)] (ORCID:0000000152490441). DOE Contract: AC02-05CH11231; AC02-09CH11466; SC0014264; SC0024369. Subjects: energetic particles; high harmonic fast wave; traveling wave array antenna