Post-translational modifications: emerging directors of cell-fate decisions during endoplasmic reticulum stress in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>

Homeostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is critical for growth, development, and stress responses. Perturbations causing an imbalance in ER proteostasis lead to a potentially lethal condition known as ER stress. In ER stress situations, cell-fate decisions either activate pro-life pathways that reestablish homeostasis or initiate pro-death pathways to prevent further damage to the organism. Understanding the mechanisms underpinning cell-fate decisions in ER stress is critical for crop development and has the potential to enable translation of conserved components to ER stress-related diseases in metazoans. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins are emerging as key players in cell-fate decisions in situations of imbalanced ER proteostasis. In this review, we address PTMs orchestrating cell-fate decisions in ER stress in plants and provide evidence-based perspectives for where future studies may focus to identify additional PTMs involved in ER stress management.. Authors: Thibault, Ethan [Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI (United States)]; Brandizzi, Federica [Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI (United States)] (ORCID:0000000305808888). DOE Contract: FG02-91ER20021; SC0018409. Subjects: 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; Arabidopsis thaliana; Cell Death &amp; Injury; Cell Homeostasis &amp; Autophagy; ER stress; Plant Biology; Post-Translational Modifications; UPR; cell-fate; post translational modification; programmed cell death