Interoperable, Inverter - Based Distributed Energy Resources Enable 100% Renewable and Resilient Utility Microgrids

As microgrids transition away from use of conventional generating resources and increasingly rely on renewable resources towards decarbonization goals, it is crucial to evaluate the capability inverter-based resources to provide microgrid stability and resilience. Particularly, microgrids with a high contribution of intermittent solar photo voltaic generation and higher load variability present unique challenges requiring fast voltage and frequency support. At the San Diego Gas & Electric Company(R) (SDG&E(R)) Borrego Springs Microgrid, a battery inverter was upgraded with grid-forming (GFM) capability to serve as island leader, transitioning responsibility away from diesel generators. An interoperable microgrid control scheme was developed, coordinating GFM and grid-following (GFL) inverters. Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulations using relevant power and controller HIL interfaces between real-time simulators and field equipment are being conducted to de-risk field deployment.. Authors: Abcede, Laurence; Blankenship, Alie; Moradpour, Andrew; Aragon, Mary; Cardenas, Jose. DOE Contract: AC36-08GO28308. Subjects: ENERGY STORAGE,POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION; battery energy storage; black-start; frequency and voltage support; grid-forming inverter; hardware-in-the-loop; islanding; microgrids; real-time automation control; ultracapacitors; utility-scale DERs