Atomic Magnetometry Using a Metasurface Polarizing Beamsplitter in Silicon-on-Sapphire

Here, we demonstrate atomic magnetometry using a metasurface polarizing beamsplitter fabricated on a silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) platform. The metasurface splits a beam that is near-resonant with the rubidium atoms (795 nm) into orthogonal linear polarizations, enabling the measurement of magnetically sensitive circular birefringence in rubidium vapor through balanced polarimetry. We incorporated the metasurface into an atomic magnetometer based on nonlinear magneto-optical rotation and measured subnanotesla sensitivity, which is limited by low-frequency technical noise and transmission loss through the metasurface. To our knowledge, this work represents the first demonstration of SOS nanophotonics for atom-based sensing and paves the way for highly integrated, miniaturized atomic sensors with enhanced sensitivity and portability.. Authors: Yang, Xuting [Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)]; Mukherjee, Pritha [Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)] (ORCID:0000000217496167); Kim, Minjeong [Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)]; Mei, Hongyan [Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)] (ORCID:0000000244617438); Fang, Chengyu [Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)]. DOE Contract: AC02-06CH11357. Subjects: 37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; atomic magnetometry; dielectric metasurface; quantum sensing