Development and validation of non-axisymmetric heat flux simulations with 3D fields using the HEAT code

A new comprehensive module to simulate heat fluxes from three-dimensional (3D) magnetic fields has been implemented in the HEAT code. Especially compact tokamaks like SPARC require tools to predict and manage large heat fluxes. Existing release versions of HEAT can only simulate axisymmetric heat flux on 3D plasma facing components. The new module uses an M3D-C1 perturbed equilibrium and the MAFOT code to trace field lines of the perturbed 3D magnetic field. Heat flux is then assigned to the resulting footprints via a 3D layer model. The model distinguishes between the scrape-off layer, the magnetic lobes and the private flux region, and employs only 0D parameters like the layer width, diffusive spread and the last closed flux surface position in the perturbed edge to generate a heat flux profile. The magnitude is normalized to the total input power. Resulting heat flux simulations are compared and validated against infrared measurements in the DIII-D tokamak with applied 3D fields; good agreement is found for several cases. The new module can now be applied to the SPARC tokamak; a preliminary result for applied rotating 3D fields is shown.. Authors: Wingen, Andreas [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] (ORCID:0000000188551349); d’Abusco, Manuel Scotto [Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)] (ORCID:0009000174249242); Churchill, Michael [Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)] (ORCID:000000015711746X); Corona, Domenica [Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)] (ORCID:0000000212911552); Ferraro, Nathaniel M. [Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)] (ORCID:0000000263487827). DOE Contract: AC02-09CH11466; AC05-00OR22725; FC02-04ER54698. Subjects: HEAT code; M3D-C1 code; heat flux; nonaxisymmetric plasma; tokamak